What Is Tennis Elbow?

Tennis elbow, medically known as lateral epicondylitis, is a condition that causes pain and inflammation in the elbow. Although it is commonly associated with playing tennis, it can also occur during other activities or repetitive wrist movements. It is typically characterized by pain and tenderness on the outer side of the elbow, especially around the bony prominence (lateral epicondyle).

The main causes of tennis elbow include repetitive wrist movements, particularly when the wrist is extended outward or force is applied, leading to overuse of the forearm muscles and tendons. This continuous stress can cause irritation and inflammation at the point where the tendons attach to the bone. Additionally, improper equipment use, poor technique, or weak wrist muscles are also risk factors.

Symptoms of tennis elbow include pain and tenderness on the outer part of the elbow, increased pain when applying force with the wrist or gripping objects, pain when extending the wrist or straining it, increased discomfort during daily activities, limited wrist movement, and weakness. These symptoms usually occur in the affected arm and may worsen over time.

Diagnosis of tennis elbow is made through physical examination and clinical history. The doctor evaluates pain and tenderness in the elbow, as well as the patient’s activity history and risk factors. Imaging tests are generally not required, but in some cases, X-rays or MRI may be used.

Treatment options include rest, ice application, pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications, the use of elbow braces or straps, physical therapy and exercise programs, steroid injections, extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, and, in rare cases, surgical intervention.

With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the symptoms of tennis elbow can be controlled and patients’ quality of life can be improved. Therefore, it is important to consult a specialist when elbow pain or related symptoms are noticed.